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Modern History of India: Last 500 Years

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swami agnivesh appealed for cooperation among religions, he ditinguished between spirituality and religion. all religions are imperfect and need to be purified. all religions are meant to serve spirituality which is to help people live in harmony with the divine or ultimate reality, fellow human beings, and the whole universe or reality. this forum could be useful if we discuss how religions can coperate among themselves to serve spirituality and world peace and unity.

hi mai sarfraz modern history ke kuch topic par discusss karana chahata hoo. koi mere sath aa sakata hai to bata de.

indian culture is a
good in world

Ahm brahmasmi
I myself am God!", Does it have any other meaning than egoistical?

India was called Aryavarta by the Indians. Varta became Varat and this became Bharat.

when was India called India and what was it called in the 1400s? Was it ever called Hindustan during this time period?

Help Me Now Pleas! HELP!!!!!!!!!

aurangzeb was a blot on humanity. his religious pious atttitude is cover for the crimes he committed agianst humanity, against hindus, against his father, and brothers. he was a snake that bit the hands who feeded him.

A PLEA FOR THE TRUTH
This forum seems to be a fight between communal elements who ate up india- whether Aurangzeb or the masjid demolishers and the forums for rational truth.
does someone know that the one aurangzeb- a fateful exception- had his elder brother murdered, the righful Mughal heir - the Vedanta and Sufi mystic called Dara Shikoh?
Dara translated the Upanishads into Persian- calling them the 'revelation of truth' and wrote a book called Samudra Sangam/ Majm Ul Bahrain or The mingling of the two oceans- comparing the basics of Hinduism and Islam and saying they were the same. (the reason for his phenomenal popularity with Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs of India and raeson for his death by Aurangzeb)
Eg: The Holy Trinity of Brahma, Vishnu, Mahesh is equivalent to the Three Arch angels of God in the Quran called Gabriel, MIkhail and Israfil.
Also, Noor -I Ilahi ( Light of God )is equivalent to Jyoti Swaroop, one of the charectristics of God in the Vedas.
An al Haq ( I am the Truth- qouted by Sufi saint Mansur for which he was executed) is equivalent to Ahm Brahmasmi-( I am the Truth/ Ultimate Reality)Dara Shikoh was also a disciple of the major saints of his age including Baba Lal Brahman, Sufi Mian Mir who laid the foundation of the Golden temple in Amritsar and GUru Rai- the 7th Sikh Guru along with Hazrat Sarmad-0 the Jewish Sufi. ( who was also murdered by Aurangzeb in Delhi). Dara was not an exception as he had been tutored under holy men of diverse faiths and religons and was part of a traditon started by his great grandfather Akbar- who founded the universal religion with the synthesis of major world relgions (including Hinduism Islam, Sikhsim, Christianity etc.) called Din- i -Ilahi. ( the religion of Godliness)
hence one cannot ignore the despicable behaviour of Aurnagzeb toward liberal men of ALL FAiths and say that he did it only agaisnt the Hindu community. That would be using his cruel acts- for politically motivated communal attacks rather than a sincere concern toward humanity.
I have Seen mosques built by Sikh gurus for their Muslim devotees in Punjab and darghas looked after by Hindus. Let us not foget that everytime fanatics have tried to rule India-the country as fallen- Aurangzeb started the death of the Mughal empire- built up for generations by his ancestors( or the many declined kingdoms in ancient India when the Buddha came to reform them of their decadence, fanaticism and superstition) and hence let the present fundamenatlists remember.
Ages and Ages of synctric traditions- these are only a few miniscule examples from a civilisation which is built upon such traditions.

One should also not deliberately forget the cruelty of the caste system-( which has nothing to do with the actual beauty and glory of Hinduism) which made many change religions etc. This cruel practise still exists. ( Swami Vivekananda- has said that in rural Bengal- had the max. no of peasent lower class converts to Islam without kings forcing them-as the zamindari was high caste Brahmins etc( ref. Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda,) - hence DON'T distort history and make it sound one sided. The issues are more complex than abusing someone with a Different name from you under a hidden/ 'ANONYMOUS' name!!
Akbar carried Ganga jal with him wherever he went ( document by Abul Fazal, and many European historians)
performed Surya namaskar and many other' Hindu rituals'
similarly there have been non Muslim rulers like Maharja Ranjit Singh who revered Sufi saints like Baba Badr Shah.
Finally two quotes- from the Quran and the Rig Veda which reinforce each other.
Let their be no compulsion in religion- the Quran
and Truth is one, the Wise call it by Names- The Rig Veda
May the Lord Give sanity to humans in this dark age.
Ek OmKar/ Om Shantih/ Ameen
PS: I am a born Hindu- Sikh- Sufi by parentage. I have made an adult choice to be this way. hence dont tell me what religions I should follow or not. Guru Nanak Devji proclaimed this great truth 500 years ago- No one is Hindu or a Muslim- to blindeyed Hindus and Muslims trying to cut up India. Shaheed Udham Singh adopted the name Ram Mohammed Singh Azad- to show that he couldnt be cut into three pieces. So dont tell US who is a slave and who isnt. Its time to search for the humanity within yourself.

Hey well u guys seemed very critical but he surely must love being the king after all see his devotion would you sleep only four hrs a day (knowing that its bad for you)just for a dumb country. besides after all he did kill his brothers for a country. Maybe he`s a power hungry king but well almost all kings and even queens are.Take nur jahan for instance

To Shaheed Afreedi,

Aurungzeb was a scumbag, he was ruthless and evil. He had two of his brothers killed and had his father imprisoned. He was indeed a villain.

Who were the heroes during this era?

Guru Gobind Singh Ji, he fought against his tyranny, Guru Teg Bahadhur who was martyred to save the Hindus.

If it was not for these heroic people, the whole of India would have come to Islam under the sword, what a shame!!

Pity the SIkhs were not around earlier, your ancestors could have been saved too, you would be known as Om Prakash Ram, or whatever your real original name is instead of that name your slave master "Afreedi" gave you.

So,

Here we are discussing the merits and demerits of a ruler.

Interesting to note that Aurangzeb is being singled out as one bad ruler. (The villian of the mughal period).

May I ask, who were the heroes of that period ?

Which one of them made any effort to be a true ruler (in Islamic terms) throughout their reign ?

We may knock Aurangzeb for his method of rule, but need he singled out amongst so many bad rulers ?

Aurangzeb may have had his fallacies, but a villian of the era ?

I think I would have to disagree.

People who compromised relegions, principles and human dignity qualify more than him. A certain Akbar comes to mind.

Lets dispence of favouritism and sloganism. Lets view them all for merit.

This document is written by Mr Shafique ul Islam, on a Pakistan forum, where another person is convinced that Aurangzeb was benevolent and he must be worshipped. In reply to this ongoing discussion, where i participated, Mr. Shafique wrote this great piece,where he is addressing to Mr A.S.Q:

"
I invite you to start Essays on comming of Islam to Indian Subcontinent,Establishment of Mughal Empire.I propose following rules that we should stick to.

1.Lets us first elicit facts of the History.

2.After refering to facts,we may interpret them.

3.After doing the above mentioned we will formulate conclusions with opinions

4.The Essays should encompass Political History,Economic structure of particular Era and major social movements.

5.Lets Start from the First Islamic Invasion of India in 9th century A.D.

Now that you have raised the issue of Aurenghjeb.

During his reign Bhakti movement was at peak.Sikhism was still not yet formed into religion.Remember Guru Nanak/1469/ never envisioned Sikhism to be religion.Lets not go into that.This will take the conversation in different direction.

Lets stay with period of Aureghjeb.During his reign most of the feuds were with then growing Sikh movements.Guru Tegh Bahadur went along with his desciples to Darbar of Aurenghjeb to persuade him not to forcibly convert Hindus,Sikhs into Muslims.He was ridiculed in the court and he was beheaded alongwith his followers.Some his followers manged to escape with his head.They took the head of their Guru to Anandpur Sahib.These are facts.

Bhakti Movement:There have always been reform movements against orthodoxical,traditional Hinduism India.The earliest one was Bhudism,then Jainism then in late mediavel India was started by Guru Nanak,Kabir,Tuka Ram,Meera Bai,Sur Daas etc.I will include one of The Greatest Emperors of India,"Akbar The Great" too in this movement.He was ambassador of Hindu-Muslim harmony.

These movements were against Brahminical bigottry,extreme hindu religious practices,Sati Pratha,untouchability,oppression of lower casts and supermacy of higher hindu casts in hindu society.

In northern India at that time Sikhism was the leader of this movement especially at the time of Aurenghjeb.During this time Sikhs were at constant war with Moghuls.The poltical Philosphy and Ideology of the ruling classes at that time was as follow.

It was percieved by State and hence Aureghjeb that growing Bhakti Movement was refuge for Hindus and recently converted Muslims who had been
haunted by orthodx Brahminism from one side and forcible Islamic conversion from the other side.Remember during this period all non muslims were living under Jazia imposed by Muslim rulers.

Therefore Sikhism was percieved as threat to spread of Islam by the rulers in Delhi.The constant wars between Sikhs and armies of Aurenghjeb and thousands of persecutions of Sikhs and Hindus and others forced Sikhs to become millitants.They were on Run all the time,haunted by Moghul armies.Finally it lead to creation of a very militant religion especially after Guru Gobind Singhji established Khalsa Panth in 1695.The credit goes to Aureghjeb.

Sikhism became as religion after the creation of Khalsa Panth when Guru Gobind Singhji laid five principles to govern the life of Keshdharis.Till this time the sihkh were like hindus with no hard and fast rules to follow.

Actually I am eliciting all these things out of memory which is of course fallible.

The economy of this era was village community economy which was self sufficient unit.Production was good.People had plenty too eat.In general they were properous.There is no mention of major famine or crop failure.

Conclusions:

Aurenghjeb's reign was the longest in Moghul history he died at the age 90 plus.His early life was marred by power struggle.He has to kill his brother in order to have access to throne.Dara,Suja,Murad all were killed or murdered.Aurengjeb was very religious and intolerant.He demolished numerous temples,idols and ordered the raw material to be utilised in building Masjids etc.These are facts.There are numerous official accounts from that era(Ref: British Museum,Section:History of Mughal India).He murdered his own uncle or close relative under some reigious pretext.

His later life marked by constant wars with Sikhs in North and Marathas in South West.

Opinion:
He is villain of Moghul period in India.Non of the Moghul emperors were so ruthless like him.What kind of man he could be to see a sikh leader being beheaded in his court ?

His legacy is a liability for Muslims in the whole sub-continent.He is one of the sad chapters in Indian History.The seeds sown of Hindu-Muslim disunity during his reign are unforgivable.

Shafique

PK,

Not that it's a big deal, but, Khalsa Panth was established in 1699, not in 1695.

Am I correct ?

i could not agree more! A truthful account of Aurengzeb Alamgir!
He in his later life tried to follow Islam, but his understanding of Islam was based upon the elite group of Religious islamic scholars who had no idea about what it was like to be hindu, and didn't know the hindu scriptures. Dara shikoh was the one who was interested in translating the Upanishads into persian, and wanted to learn the esoteric teachings of the ancient sages of India. But Alas, he was murdered by the Alamgir, his own brother. How could a man who murdered his three brothers and imprisoned his own father be illustrious in Muslim History.
I believe Alamgir was suffering from a terrible guilt complex since he did these terrible acts to secure the throne but wanted to make peace with God. And thus then blindly followed the advice of the ill educated Ulema! These Ulema knew about the body of Islamic teachings, but lacked the spirit of Islam. and thus the stench of the terrible actions of Aurengzeb still haunts us today, for his actions had sown the seeds of enmity between hindus, sikhs and Muslims. Yes he made the largest mosque in the World in Lahore, but with Tax money. And as Baba Bulhay Shah instructs us that one can break down temples or mosques, but one should never break human hearts, for it is a grave sin. Actually the second most grave sin in Islam after idolatry is to hurt another's feelings. So O Muslims open your eyes, face the facts, and give the righteous their reward and the corrupt their notoriety!
Peace and blessings to you all
My brothers and sisters in Humanity!
May God bless us all!